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Corruption is a research topic whose time has come, gone, and come again. The comprehensive programs of economic liberalization and privatization that have taken place in developing and post-communist nations since the 1980s were supposed to dismantle the rents of import-substitution and dirigisme. Yet it did not happen the way we were told. Economies were massively privatized, market mechanisms were adopted throughout, trade and financial regimes were deregulated, and yet, all these economic policy changes do not appear to have dissolved distributional coalitions. In fact, they appear to have merely restructur博客來ed them.

Those who sold state-owned assets often ended up buying them. Those who had political power frequently used it to acquire economic power. And those with political clout rarely hesitated to use it to increase their wealth. From Russia to Argentina, and from Mexico to the Middle East, econom博客來網路書局ic reform has taken place behind closed doors and through opaque mechanisms. The study of corruption, popular under the modernization paradigm of the 1960s, has made a big come back.

This paper pursues five goals. First, I review the main approaches to the study of economic reform and privatization, especially the transition from studying reform as a process imposed from above by autonomous policymaking elites, to examining that process as one driven by below by organized distributional coalitions who colluded with those policymakers. Second, I connect the literature on the political economy of reform to the literature on corruption. This is a necessary step for, once the study of reform disclosed the opacity of that process, the extant literature on corruption had a contribution to make. Third, in trying to identify the main factors that explain why governments conduct divestiture programs through opaque methods, I advance an analytical framework to account for the propensity of governments to collude with groups of beneficiaries of privatization and/or bailout programs. This framework is illustrated with empirical materials drawn from Latin American, post-communist, and Asian nations. Finally, I propose four areas of policy recommendation, where more research is needed and more resources are imperative in order to curb corruption and increase transparency and democratic accountability.?

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  作者： 戴萬欽、趙全勝    新功能介紹
• 出版社：時英    新功能介紹
• 出版日期：2008/07/01
• 語言：英文

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內容來自YAHOO新聞

醫療整合登革熱快篩由公費支費並成四家應變醫院

因應南部登革熱疫情，衛福部今天（12日）在台南召開「台南市、高雄市登革熱醫療整合機制協調會議」，會中決議，登革熱快篩試劑將改由健保代辦，並由醫療公費支出，初估，全國使用量約為五萬劑。同時將成立四家登革熱應變醫院，收容中度和重度病患。

（龐清廉報導）

　　中央地方合力防治登革熱，衛福部在疾管署南區管制中心召開「台南市、高雄市登革熱醫療整合機制協調會議」，研擬防疫新作為，台南市長賴清德也全程參與。會中聽取台南市、高雄市衛生局醫療現況報告，瞭解醫療資源運用情形後，做出多項決議。

　　衛福部次長林奏延表示，之前登革熱快篩試劑是由防疫公費支出，9月17日起由健保代辦後，將改為醫療公費支出，初估需求量約五萬劑，主要用於台南、高雄和屏東地區。只要60歲以上且符合登革熱病例定義，經診治為中度以上，發病7天以內，居住在台南市、高雄市、屏東縣的民眾，都符合公費快篩資格。

　　至於，其它縣市民眾，只要有國內外登革熱流行地區旅遊活動史，經醫師判定需進一步檢驗者，同樣也適用公費快篩。

　　衛福部次長林奏延進一步指出，為讓醫療資源有效運用，已經協調部立台南醫院、台南市立醫院、安南醫院與高雄榮總台南分院等四家醫院，作為登革熱應變醫院。這四家醫院都會設置專區，收治中度或重度登革熱病患，至於病房數則會視疫情狀況進行調整。

新聞來源https://tw.news.yahoo.com/醫療整合登革熱快篩由公費支費並成四家應變醫院-071823916.html

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